In this paper, for each construct, we report the current definition highlight differences among the main assessment instruments illustrate quantitative measures, if available, and their relationship with the evaluations based on rating scales and describe correlates as well as experimental models. blunted affect, alogia, anhedonia, asociality and avolition b) for each construct, symptoms due to identifiable factors, such as medication effects, psychotic symptoms or depression, should be distinguished from those regarded as primary c) the five constructs cluster in two factors, one including blunted affect and alogia and the other consisting of anhedonia, avolition and asociality. A consensus has recently been reached on the following aspects: a) five constructs should be considered as negative symptoms, i.e.

Improvements in definition, characterization, assessment instruments and experimental models are needed in order to foster research aimed at developing effective interventions. They play a key role in the functional outcome of the disorder, and their management represents a significant unmet need. Significant correlations were found in patients between lower pitch and more positive symptoms, less pitch variability and more flat affect, less time spoken and more alogia, and more duration of pauses and more negative symptoms in general.Negative symptoms have long been conceptualized as a core aspect of schizophrenia.

No differences were found in pitch, intensity variability, duration of utterance, or the number of pauses.

There were medium-sized effects of lower speech rate and less pitch variability. Moderate quality evidence found large effects of longer pauses and less spoken time in people with schizophrenia compared to people without schizophrenia. What is the evidence for changes in voice patterns? Clarifying vocal abnormalities in people with schizophrenia may help support the assessment of cognitive and clinical features related to the disorder. Some atypical voice patterns have been associated with the negative symptoms of schizophrenia, including blunted affect (lack of vocal intonation) and alogia (poverty of speech). Some people with schizophrenia display atypical voice patterns. How are voice patterns relevant to schizophrenia?

Schizophrenia flat affect